Facing internal pressure and transboundary tensions over water, Kenya says it will progress climate security issues if it wins Africa’s seat
I have been to all 25 UN climate conferences. I won’t be attending next year unless major changes are made to achieve real action
International negotiations have always focused on carbon emissions, not the coal, oil and gas that create them. That’s changing
The final text released after a marathon talks harked back to a deal made in Paris that placed no requirement on most countries to raise their targets until 2025
After two weeks of talks, many issues remain unresolved. Here we break down the major fights and minor breakthroughs of the UN conference in Madrid
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Longest climate summit in history ended weakly as nations on both sides held hardline positions
Group led by Costa Rica publishes ‘minimum’ standards for carbon markets that rule out double counting and use of Kyoto-era credits
Australia, US and Brazil threatening ‘spirit’ of the Paris Agreement, says Costa Rican minister, as fractious talks could drag into the weekend
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Trading carbon is widely said to make emissions cuts cheaper. But for whom? And why is it dominating climate diplomacy in Madrid?
‘Common goal’ agreed, but Poland refused to commit to ‘implement’ the target. EU also seeking to update its 2030 target next year
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Push to gain new commitments from large polluters largely fails as hopes for climate ambition at Cop25 narrow to a single line of text
Europe’s bid to reach carbon neutrality by 2050 will aim for a just, rapid shift away from high polluting industries and technologies
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US proposal would also allow country to remain eligible to sit on governing committee of ‘loss and damage’ talks after it leaves Paris deal
The retired minister oversaw a shift from defending China’s ‘right to emit’ to become a key creator of the Paris Agreement
The UN process has largely ignored the production of fossil fuels. That can, and must, change
Efforts to bring together different strands of the financing of climate action are being hampered at Cop25, says Bas Eickhout, while elsewhere steps forward are being made